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ARM7 Go
This vulnerability is exclusive to the iPod touch 2G. It is present in the device's 2.1.1 firmware, as well as the iBEC / iBSS if you choose to upload it via DFU. It allows the running of unsigned code on the ARM7 coprocessor.
Credit
Chronic and iPhone Dev Team (independently)
Exploit
There is an ARM7 coprocessor in the iPod touch 2G in addition to the main processor, the ARM11. Like the ADM in the S5L8900 devices, it has access to everything the ARM11 has access to, such as the AES engine, the PKE accelerator, and such. The actual vulnerability is that, in the iPod touch 2G 2.1.1 firmware, they left behind two commands from what was presumably a debug iBoot: arm7_stop and arm7_go. They were promptly removed in 2.2, but in 2.1.1 it would read the environmental variable "loadaddr" and have the ARM7 coprocessor execute whatever code was at that address. There was no signature or range checks in place for the command.
Payload
The command gives the ARM7 the load address (default is 0x09000000) of an "image" you sent it, and it will jump to it. The limitation is, unlike the diags exploit you cannot just pass a patched iBoot or iBEC. You must write a payload for it to run, but one that patches iBEC or iBoot in memory would do fine.
Implementations
Two released payloads are redsn0w and 0wnboot
